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venire facias
In law, ''venire facias'' (Latin for "may you cause to come"), also ''venire facias juratores'', and often shortened to ''venire'', is a writ directing a sheriff to assemble a jury.〔''Black's Law Dictionary'' (9th ed. 2009), ''venire facias''.〕 Various types are:
*''venire facias ad respondendum'' – "a writ requiring a sheriff to summon a person against whom an indictment for a misdemeanor has been issued," now superseded by the use of warrants.〔
*''venire facias de novo'', often shortened to ''venire de novo'' – a writ for summoning a new jury panel, or venire, "because of some impropriety or irregularity in the original jury return or verdict such that a judgment cannot be entered on it."〔 This results in a trial de novo.〔 "In substance, the writ is a motion for a new trial, but when the party objects to the verdict because of a procedural error (and not an error on the merits), the form of motion was traditionally for a venire facias de novo."〔 For example, see the 1817 decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in ''Laidlaw v. Organ'' (15 U.S. 178): "...the judgment must be reversed, and the cause remanded to the district court of Louisiana, with direction to award a ''venire facire de novo''" (John Marshall).
*''venire facias tot matronas'' – "a writ requiring a sheriff to summon a jury of matrons to execute a writ ''de ventre inspiciendo''."〔
==Notes==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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